SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Receptor Binding Motif

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) surface glycoprotein receptor binding motif is a fragment of the surface glycoprotein, also known as the spike glycoprotein, encoded by the S gene in SARS-CoV-2 RNA.{53462} It contains amino acids 438-506 of the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein sequence. SARS-CoV-2 is a member of the Betacoronavirus genus of viruses and has 88% sequence identity with two bat-derived SARS-like CoVs.{53459} The SARS-CoV-2 genome contains approximately 30 kilobases that encode four structural proteins: spike, envelope, membrane, and nucleocapsid.{53462,49555} The SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein is located on the outer envelope of the virion and is comprised of an S1 and S2 subunit divided by a furin S-cleavage site not found in other SARS-CoVs.{46767,49561} The S1 subunit contains the N-terminus and a receptor binding domain (RBD; Item No. 30429), and the S2 subunit contains a fusion peptide, two heptad repeats, and the C-terminal domain.{46767} The SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding motif is a component of the RBD that shares 73% sequence identity to that of SARS-CoV, and can bind to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is the host cell surface receptor for both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.{46767,49542,49525,49561} SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19, a primarily respiratory illness characterized by fever, cough, and shortness of breath that can lead to life-threatening complications.{53461,55257,55258} Cayman's SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Receptor Binding Motif contains an N-terminal biotin tag and a disulfide bridge between Cys480 and Cys488.